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of its nationally distributed print edition two days later, but it did so also with a global audience via its website in the form of still images and video, the latter being viewed more than 1.4 million times in the two-day period of 30–31 March.4 Media
all over the world picked up the story, with some publications striving to replicate the sens-
ationalism of the original source by augmenting their reports with imagery purchased from the News of the World.

Mosley has described how read-
ing those now-infamous head-
lines on the Sunday morning of their publication had brought with it, “in an instant”, the realisation his life had irrevocably changed.5 On the one hand, he had been scrupulously discreet in keeping his unorthodox erotic preferences a private concern for forty-five years, and, on the other hand, he had for more than forty years sought to distance himself from his father’s legacy. It was this latter quest for his own identity that led to his life in motor racing in the mid-1960s.6

A landmark invasion
of privacy

Mosley, who had been elected to the FIA presidency in 1993, was subjected to international moral outrage, ridicule and intense

pressure to resign, but with a clear sense that his private erotic practices were separate from his job and did not hinder his ability to perform his duties, he endured the outrage and on 3 June 2008 won an FIA no-confidence vote 103–55 to hold his presidency until he retired in October 2009.7 Mosley’s early attitude towards the NotW exposé is one he has consistently maintained, and it is summed up in a letter he wrote to the president of Europe’s largest automobile club before the Bahrain Formula One Grand Prix fixture of 4–6 April 2008 and reported in the press at the time:

Had I been caught driving excessively fast on a public road or over the alcohol limit (even in, say, Sweden where it is very low) I should have resigned the same day... As it is, a scandal paper obtained by illegal means pictures of something I did in private which, although unacceptable to some people, was harmless and completely legal.8

To those for whom motor racing is one of life’s irrelevancies, the predicament of the FIA’s presi-
dent in 2008 may also seem irrelevant. However, the Mosley scandal, besides a graphic example of the UK tabloid press at its most savage, has led to two court cases that have driven a passionate and often-bitter

debate on what is characterised as, and, indeed, may yet come to be in fact, the development of a UK privacy law.

Although the invasion of privacy and international exposure of Mosley’s erotic pursuits were the official casus belli of his first legal action against the News of the World, it was the tabloid’s Nazi allegations that determined his strategy to sue for breach of privacy in the first instance and to consider libel suits at a later date. Mosley has since publicly explain-
ed on numerous occasions the reasoning behind this strategy: his position at the FIA at the time of the exposé made it “absolutely essential to nail the lie about the Nazi aspect” of the resulting scandal, and a breach-of-privacy case could, and was, brought to court quickly, while a defamation case would have taken up to two years to come to court.9

Mosley’s breach-of-privacy suit against News Group Newspapers Ltd, the company that published the News of the World, was heard in the High Court of Justice, London, 7–10 July and 14 July 2008.10 The five-day hearing became a spectacle featuring both drama and humour, with the court learning that the husband of “Woman E” – the dominatrix who betrayed Mosley and the four other participants in the

private BDSM session of 28 March 2008 – worked for the UK domes-
tic security service, MI5, and it was he who approached the News of the World to sell an exposé of Mosley; how the News of the World promised to pay Woman E and her MI5 husband £25,000 to deliver the “splash” but only paid them £12,000; how the News of the World’s chief re-
porter, Neville Thurlbeck, offered “a choice” – payment, or expos-
ure with published photographs – to two of the other four women in

a failed attempt to coerce them into granting an interview for his follow-up story on Sunday 6 April, behaviour that Justice David Eady in his judgment referred to as a “threat” in the broader context of “blackmail”; and how Woman E, the News of the World’s key def-
ence witness, failed to appear in court with only hours’ notice that she would not testify because of her “emotional and mental state”.11

Thurlbeck and NotW editor, Colin Myler, failed to present a coher-
ent argument to support their allegations of Nazi role play. Evidence even emerged that Thurlbeck admitted to then "Max Mosley’s war for privacy is now a nation’s" continues in a popup window.

Justice Eady: 'an unlawful intrusion [had] taken place'

nonfiction
nonfiction
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Max Mosley’s war for privacy is now a nation’s (ii) - Nonfiction - SDk02

Issue Credits

Footnotes:

"Max Mosley’s war for privacy is now a nation’s" continues in a popup window. "Max Mosley’s war for privacy is now a nation’s" continues in a popup window.

4 See the text of the European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section) judgment in Mosley v. the United Kingdom (Application no. 48009/08), Strasbourg, 10 May 2011, par. 11. The ECHR judgment is also viewable in PDF format on the Scribd site. The New York Times, reporting Mosley’s breach-of-privacy trial in July 2008, cites 3.5 million video viewings on the NotW site and YouTube, combined (John F. Burns, “Trial about privacy in which none remains”, New York Times, 9 July 2008). A link to the News of the World’s online version of its Mosley exposé cannot be provided because the tabloid removed it and most related content from its website after losing a breach-of-privacy legal battle with Mosley less than four months after its publication.

5 Max Mosley in interview on BBC Radio 4, “On the Ropes”, 1 March 2011 (at 06:26&09:02). See also Matthew Syed, “Max Mosley: my wife smiled and said ‘this is not true, is it?’”, Times (London), 31 March 2009. The NotW exposé of 30 March 2008 occurred a little more than two weeks before Mosley’s sixty-eighth birthday; he was not yet sixty-eight, as reported by Syed.

6 For Mosley’s account of the care he’d taken to ensure his interest in BDSM remained private, see, for example, Angelique Chrisafis, “Feel my pain”, Guardian, 20 Oct. 2008; also Syed, “Max Mosley: my wife smiled and said ‘this is not true, is it?’”. For Mosley’s family and motor racing backgrounds, and how these relate to each other, see, for example: BBC, “Max Mosley: life in the fast lane”, 10 May 2011; Thomas O’Keefe, “Max Mosley: face to face”, Atlas F1, 2000. Also, Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile, “Max Mosley (1940– )”, FIA.com (Past Presidents).

7 James Orr, “Mosley wins confidence vote to remain motor racing chief”, Guardian, 3 June 2008. Mosley provides details in interview: BBC Radio 4, “On the Ropes” (from 13:24); also Lucy Kellaway, “Max Mosley fights back”, Financial Times, 4 Feb. 2011. The BBC published the text of a letter Mosley sent to bodies connected with the FIA in which he expressed his intention to continue in his post and to sue the News of the World: BBC, “Defiant Mosley vows to fight on”, 1 April 2008. For an understanding of the pressure on Mosley, usually amplified by media coverage that tended to uncritically repeat the News of the World’s original, unsubstantiated and sensationalised allegations, see, for example: Ashling O’Connor&Ed Gorman, “Max Mosley faces calls to quit as Formula One chief after ‘Nazi’ orgy”, Times (London), 31 March 2008; G. Cragg, “Mosley faces pressure to resign”, France 24, 5 April 2008; Maurice Chittenden, “President of Federation Internationale de l’Automobile, Max Mosley, involved in ‘sick Nazi orgy’”, Sunday Times, 6 April 2008; John F. Burns, “Possible Nazi theme of Grand Prix boss’s orgy draws calls to quit”, New York Times, 7 April 2008.

8 Max Mosley, letter to Peter Meyer of the Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil-Club (ADAC), cited in Nick Alexander, “Max Mosley: What I did was harmless”, Telegraph, 6 April 2008.

9 Mosley interview, BBC Radio 4, “On the Ropes” (from 11:57). Mosley had earlier explained this decision in evidence presented to the UK House of Commons Culture, Media and Sport Committee on 10 March 2009 (House of Commons Culture, Media and Sport Committee, “Press standards, privacy and libel”, second report of session 2009–10 (vol. 2: Oral and written evidence), Q119&Q140, pp. 53, 60).

10 News Group Newspapers, which now publishes only the UK national daily tabloid The Sun, is a subsidiary of News International.

11 On the News of the World paying Woman E only £12,000 of the £25,000 promised, see Max Mosley v News Group Newspapers Limited, Approved Judgment before the Honourable Mr Justice Eady, High Court of Justice (Queens Bench Division), Royal Courts of Justice, London, 24 July 2008 ( [2008] EWHC 1777 (QB) ), par. 157; also pars 65, 108. On Thurlbeck’s “threats” and “blackmail”, see Max Mosley v News Group Newspapers Limited, pars 79–87; also Max Mosley, oral evidence presented to the UK House of Commons Culture, Media and Sport Committee on 10 March 2009 (House of Commons Culture, Media and Sport Committee, “Press standards, privacy and libel”, second report of session 2009–10 (vol. 2: Oral and written evidence), Q144, pp. 61–2). The two women Thurlbeck threatened to expose were the organiser of the BDSM session of 28 March 2008, “Woman A”, and the German dominatrix, “Woman B”. It is likely that, in the absence of any Nazi element in the illegally obtained video, Thurlbeck wanted the women to verbally corroborate his allegation that there was, in fact, a Nazi element to the session. The women refused to deal with Thurlbeck. On Women E’s failure to appear in court, see Caitlin Fitzsimmons, “Max Mosley case: News of the World informer fails to testify”, Guardian, 10 July 2008; also Helen Pidd, “No show for newspaper’s star witness in Mosley case”, Guardian, 11 July 2008.

Contributors: Alan Daniels Chris Cook Daryl Champion Eugène Satyrisci Geof Banyard Jenny Boot Kedamono Marilyn Jaye Lewis Viona Ielegems
Resources: Bureau of Investigative Journalism Campaign for Press and Broadcasting Freedom (CPBF) Steve Keen’s Debtwatch